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This paper discusses the many geographical factors contributing to India's inability to sustain its ...... More...
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Paper Abstract:
This paper discusses the many geographical factors contributing to India's inability to sustain its population. Deforestation, rural-to-urban migration, and the caste system predominate.
Paper Introduction:
India\'s Population Is Geographically Unsupportable India is the modern-day epitome of overpopulation India\'s populationhad increased from its level of million to million in and by it had topped one billion Gulati Sharma Moreover theU N projects that by India\'s population will be billion Gulati Sharma Despite its enormous population- of the total population forthe world-India has only of the world\'s land area and only of theworld\'s forest stock Gulati Sharma Shah p notes thatIndia suffers under massive poverty accelerated industrialization rapidurbanization and
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While it may be desirableto promote progress and production, this is not an advantage if achieved atthe expense of forests that provide sustenance for rural dwellers, forexample. Gulati and Sharmapoint out that the deforestation occurs not only because of increasedpopulation but also because of livestock and the use of forest products forresources such as firewood, timber, lumber, paper, and fodder. "Chapter 13. One of the greatest sea changes resulting from the other changes is anincrease in India's poverty. Only certain classes have access to education andtraining, so as the nation's poverty worsens and its natural resourcesbecome depleted, it is the poor that will suffer even more than now,because they will be unable to make the changes necessary to stay afloat inan increasingly urban and technological world. Works Cited "Country Profile, India." 2 7. Moreover, forcing migration to the citieswhere the cost of living is higher and it is more difficult to be self-sufficient exacerbates the existing problems. Agenda 21 for Sustainable Construction in Developing Countries: The Indian Case." In: Luigi Fusco Girard, The human sustainable city: challenges and perspectives from the habitat agenda. The humanpopulation is doubling approximately every 3 years in this ecosystem,while the forests are disappearing, and there is less and less forest tosustain the inhabitants (Samal, Palni, & Agrawal 157). Indian Journal of Community Medicine, 34.3, (July-Sept 2 9), 171. Furthermore, as theseproblems are worsening quickly, the population is becoming unsustainablevery rapidly. EBSCO Host.Gulati, S.C.; Sharma, Suresh. The country's caste systemrelegates many of its citizens to lower levels of society where they arenot able to do better. India needs to take immediate action to place thedestructive forces of deforestation and population explosion in check andwork to remedy the debilitating effects of its caste system on thepopulation's ability to increase GDP. India's Population Is Geographically Unsupportable India is the modern-day epitome of overpopulation. Essentially, theyassert, India's practices are "unsustainable" (Gulati & Sharma). Google Books. projects that by 2 5 , India's population will be 1.7 billion (Gulati& Sharma). This will increase the area of landdevoted to business offices and traffic and decrease the amount of landavailable for agriculture ("Country Profile, India" 21). India's cities arealready overcrowded, but if the rural land and its forests are destroyedfor the purpose of utilizing its natural resources, this means an evengreater "rural outmigration to urban and industrial centres for wageemployment," thus encumbering India's already overpopulated cities withmore poor (Gulati & Sharma). Hospitality and Tourism Complete. Moreover, theU.N. The newWHO child growth standards adopted by the government of India identifiesIndia as having severe malnutrition in 15.6% of children between 1 and 3years old and in 13.7% of children between 3 and 5 years old (Bhasin 171).Considering the fact that India was already one of the most impoverishednations in the world, these new figures add greater concern to the issue ofrectifying the problem, which is exacerbated by the other issues alreadydiscussed. International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology, 1 , (2 3), 157-168. EBSCO Host.Shah, Kirtee. Its population ismigrating from rural to urban environments, for example, and India isbecoming one of the most prominent locations for work outsourced from theUnited States and other nations. "New poverty line and growth chart bring forth sharp inequalities in the Indian population. Despite its enormous population-16% of the total population forthe world-India has only 2.4% of the world's land area and only 1.7% of theworld's forest stock (Gulati & Sharma). 263) notes thatIndia suffers under "massive poverty, accelerated industrialization, rapidurbanization...and 4 years of socialist orientation and planned economyfollowed by a decade of economic liberalization, structural adjustment andglobalization," resulting in a development model that he describes as"unsustainable." Among the reasons for India's inability to support itsenormous population are a chronic shortage of food and water, a stratifiedsociety built on the caste system, and agricultural underproduction. Acknowledging that many of its problems are human-made, Indiamust address what its inhabitants are doing and provide alternatives to theactivities that cause the greatest harm to its population overall. "Ecology, ecological poverty and sustainable development in Central Himalayan region of India. India's populationhad increased from its 1951 level of 361 million to 846 million in 1991,and by 2 , it had topped one billion (Gulati & Sharma). India needs to take a holistic view of its geography so that it canunderstand how each element affects the others. According to the World Bank, 41.6% of India'spopulation-approximately 455 million people-is now living below the povertyline, up from the 24% that was predicated on the former criteria of $1 perday income (Bhasin 171). Bhasin (171) notes that this criterion for thepoverty line is based on an average per capita caloric intake of from 2,4 to 2,1 calories per day for rural and urban areas, respectively. They alsoindicate that satellite data identifies "unsustainable crop managementpractices" as a cause of decades-long declines in food production, not justclimate, as is often thought (Gulati & Sharma 158). India's economic geography is marked by population explosion, a castesystem that demobilizes many of its citizens that might otherwise receiveeducation that would enable them to help solve its problems, a populationgeography that is undergoing a migration from rural to urban living, and anenormous number of poor supported by rapidly dwindling natural resources.The geography cannot support the population. Shah (2 4, p. In the midst of these great shortages, India is undergoing a number ofsea changes, most of which are adding to its problems. It is not difficult to see that if India's population continues togrow rapidly, while its resources continue to be depleted and itsdevelopment approaches are unsustainable, the situation can only growworse. EBSCO Host.Bhasin, Sanjiv. Estimates by the Asian Development Bank are evenhigher, at 622 million to 74 million poor in 2 5, at a poverty line of$1.35 per day (Bhasin 171). In addition,India's ecosystem is changing radically, with deforestation affecting theinhabitants of the country's Central Himalayan region, who depend heavilyon natural resources to survive (Samal, Palni, & Agrawal 157). The loss of groundcover is causing water resources to dry up, which in turn, forces the womento walk farther to obtain water, problems compounded by "mountainspecificities such as inaccessibility, fragility, marginality, diversity,niche and adaptability" (Samal, Palni, & Agrawal 157). Geographic policies and practices are adding to India's burden ofpoverty, and these are human-made, not inherent in the geography.Deforestation, for example, is an issue that has occurred in other nationsas well and that is being addressed in many of them. This will help not only the nation's government and itspolitical standing in the world arena but especially the people of India,whose suffering due to poverty will be ameliorated. If itpromotes progress but keeps a hand on the preservation of its geographicalresources and its people, India can become a more economically stable andprosperous nation. By allowing more people to becomeeducated and trained, it can raise the average income, and by preservingits natural resources it can ensure that those unable to learn a trade orgo to college will still have the wherewithal to survive. "Population Pressure and Deforestation in India." Samal, Prasanna K.; Palni, Lok Man S.; Agrawal, Devendra K.
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