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LOMA PRIETA EARTHQUAKE.
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Essay Subject:
Analysis of the October 1989 Northern California earthquake.... More...
4 Pages / 900 Words
2 sources, 1 Citations, APA Format
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Paper Abstract:
Analysis of the October 1989 Northern California earthquake. Creation of the 7.1 magnifude quake by a slip in the San Andreas fault line. Depth of the quake. Occurrence of aftershocks and their magnitude. Areas of devastation; why some areas suffered greater damage than others. Landslides. Probability of a repeat high magnitude earthquake.

Paper Introduction:
1989 LOMA PRIETA EARTHQUAKE The 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake occurred at 5:04 PM on Tuesday, October 17, 1989. It was measured as a magnitude 7.1 on the Richter scale, a device utilized for measuring earthquake strength. It lasted about 20 seconds and was centered approximately 60 miles south of San Francisco. The tremor could be felt as far south as San Diego and as far east as Western Nevada. This earthquake was pinpointed along the San Andreas Fault line, long considered one of the most dangerous and active portions of the fault. The famed San Andreas fault line runs along a northwesterly direction about 800 miles from the Gulf of California up to Cape Mendocino just north of San Francisco. This particular fault has been the source of many large quakes, including the 7.0 1838 quake on the Pen

Text of the Paper:
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"Filling the Marina:an interview with Robert MacKimmie of the California Historical Society". Over time,dirt was brought in to fill in areas to build, in some case, right over theships that had died there during the height of the gold rush after 1849. It is within this zone that the greatest damageoccurred. It is possible that this is a result of the rugged topographyassociated with the area, the thick soil and possibly the forest cover notallowing the bedrock to rupture and propagate to the ground surface area. The Loma Prieta quake is acontinuation in the cycle of quakes that include the 1865 Santa Cruz event. While quakes along this fault have been created from horizontal shiftsas a result in the horizontal slip of the ground on two sides of the faultsouthwest to northeast previously, this particular quake included asignificant upward thrust of motion. This particular fault has been the source of many largequakes, including the 7. The aftershock zone for the LomaPrieta quake stretches about 25 miles. Theepicenter, for which this earthquake received the name, is a peak in theSanta Cruz Mountains about 1 miles northeast of the California beach cityof Santa Cruz. There was a massive amount of rubble that needed to be disposed of and the Marina was just a convenient place to put it. www.eqe.com/publications/lomaprie/seismic, 2 1. The Marina district in San Franciscosuffered much damage due to liquefaction, a process in which wet, sandysoil jiggles and is turned momentarily from a standing solid state to ashifting liquid state. The famed San Andreas fault line runs along a northwesterly directionabout 8 miles from the Gulf of California up to Cape Mendocino just northof San Francisco. It appears that this rupture did not cause a release in the area andpredictions for the area dictate that a 5 % chance exists for one orpossible more 7. The Marina is built entirely on the Bay. It was measured as a magnitude 7.1 on the Richter scale,a device utilized for measuring earthquake strength. Instead of the regular surface displacements usuallyassociated with earthquakes of this magnitude, the Los Gatos to Watsonvillezone contains indeterminate cracks, otherwise noted as non-specific surfaceexpression. "October 17, 1989Loma Prieta Quake" A side issue related to earthquakes is the occurrence of Aftershocks.Some aftershocks can be recorded as being greater than the actualearthquake to which they are connected. magnitude quakes to occur along this site again withinthe next 3 years. 1838 quake on the Peninsula of San Francisco, aprevious Santa Cruz quake in 1865 and the well known and recorded 8.3magnitude San Francisco earthquake. or greater on the Richter scale. Although the actual number of aftershocks isincalculable, at this time, it ranges in the thousands for this particularquake. The southwest side was thrust up andover the northeast side and now has a steep dip to the southwest within thearea of the thrust. For aCalifornia earthquake, a focal depth of 11 miles is unusually deep.Typical or average California quake focal depths range only from 4-6 milesdeep at the most. This spreads toward the water andthe surface shifts. All the rubble from the downtown was brought over and filled the Marina area...brick, rock and mortar...basically whatever was left of the buildings. It is located in the area justnorth of Los Gatos near Highway 17 and continues south to Watsonvillelocated near Highway 1 1. Just within the week following the quake, seismologists recorded3 aftershocks with a magnitude reading of 2.5 or greater and 2 of thosemeasured 4. R E F E R E N C E S www.exploratorium.edu/marina/index.html, 2 1. (www.exploratorium.edu/marina/index.html, 2 1) Another effect of the quake was the more than 1, landslides thataffected the area, one severe enough to disrupt traffic along Highway 17for about a month. Acouple of buildings still located in the district are built around theoriginal ships and continue to utilize them within the building structure. To understand specific areas of devastation over others is tounderstand the history of the area. Thus, the heavier sand and rock sink while lighterwater and sand bubble to the surface. A strong motion seismograph located near the epicentersource gave an acceleration reading of .6 G there. This earthquake was pinpointed along the San Andreas Faultline, long considered one of the most dangerous and active portions of thefault. A magnitude 5.2 aftershock was recorded approximately 2.5 minutesafter the initial shock. It is believed that this area corresponds to the ruptureassociated with the quake's main 7.1 shock and that the zone rangessomewhere from 2 to 11 miles deep. This fault rupture is an interesting case study because it was not asurface quake, but rather measured a focal depth of 11 miles. It lasted about 2 seconds and was centered approximately 6 miles south of San Francisco.The tremor could be felt as far south as San Diego and as far east asWestern Nevada. Additionally, the statistical probability of a repeatmagnitude quake of the 19 6 8.3 size is significant enough for caution toremain high. 1989 LOMA PRIETA EARTHQUAKE The 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake occurred at 5: 4 PM on Tuesday,October 17, 1989. Other quakes at this epicenterial area include a 5.2 on November 15, 1964,a 5.3 magnitude in June 1988 and the recent 5.4 in August of 1999. The earthquake was created by a slip in the Andreas fault. It [San Francisco] had its biggest change after the 19 6 earthquake.

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