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HISTORY OF NURSING.
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Emergence of nursing procedures in 19th Century.... More...
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Paper Abstract:
Emergence of nursing procedures in 19th Century. Florence Nightingale as the nursing pioneer who first utilized statistical data in the medical profession. The importance of statistical recording and interpretation to today's nursing procedures. Use of clinical storytelling. Dorothea Dix and formation of Army Nurse Corps during Civil War. Impact on nursing of World War II, women's movement of 1970s.
Paper Introduction:
While the very acts utilized in caring for the ill may be tracked back to the beginning of man, the organization and systemization of such nursing procedures utilized by us today emerged only within the 19th century. Florence Nightingale. Clara Barton. Dorothea Dix. These among others are names that stand as giants in this historical time in nursing. When it comes to nursing care and procedures, historically the people have become as much a part of it as the procedure. Thus, the nursing experience has emerged ever changing based on social and political pressures. This paper will present some pros and cons to the historical nursing experience and procedures.
Although Florence Nightingale is often cited as being the first nurse to utilize diagrams for the presentation of statistical data, the best-known pioneer of such data usage was Willi
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These among others arenames that stand as giants in this historical time in nursing. R E F E R E N C E S Eckberg, Evelyn, RN, BSN, PHN. Politically, the system created by the advancement of technologyforced patients from home care into clinical settings. Our professional personae often is embodied in a quantitative depiction of cost per procedure, turnover time, room use percentages and patient satisfaction scores...The qualitative aspects of our practice that could balance the image all too often are invisible to our colleagues and the community (Seifert, 1999, 1). "The experiences andaccomplishments of early nurses provide a strong foundation from whichnurses today can enhance their profession and shape the public policy thataffects it" (Lasseter, 1999, 1). AORN Journal. RN, MSN, CNOR. Outside of our community, few are aware of the richness of our experiences and the wisdom embedded in our practice. While other careers stood out as beingmore lucrative or prestigious, nursing lost ground by not selling itself tothe younger women and the newly expanding male interest. This paperwill present some pros and cons to the historical nursing experience andprocedures. Late in the 198 's, the rising cost of health care was circumvented bydiagnosis related groups to whom cost was no object. Clara Barton. Association ofOperating Room Nurses, Inc. "A nursing legacy - politicalactivities at the turn of the century". This did not beginto remedy until the World War II home nursing shortage. In the year 2 1, the Army Nurse Corps celebrated its 1 thAnniversary. When itcomes to nursing care and procedures, historically the people have becomeas much a part of it as the procedure. August 1998. They are politics and change. While nursing continues to gain strides in education, it seems thatthe education does not translate into new roles for nurses based on theirtraining. Association ofOperating Room Nurses, Inc. While dress and admittance standards have changed, there havecontinually been officially recognized women working in brutal conditionsto save our boys throughout every war effort until this day. Playfair utilizedhis data to convince parliament that the British paid too much in taxes.Nightingale was the first to utilize such data for the medical profession.With the help of a gentleman named William Farr, Nightingale was able torevolutionize the recording of births, deaths and marriages in the UK.With the help of this data, people could now examine cause and effectrelationships using the newly recorded registration statistics. So the result today is that, "patients now arebeing admitted to hospitals more ill, being cared for by lesser trained andsometimes unlicensed individuals, and are being sent home sooner" (Eckerd,1998, 3). While the very acts utilized in caring for the ill may be tracked backto the beginning of man, the organization and systemization of such nursingprocedures utilized by us today emerged only within the 19th century.Florence Nightingale. The early politicalinvolvement of nurses came out of resultant societal, political andeconomic type forces and is forever linked with the introduction ofuniversity or formal women's education, the grand history of medicine andeven the movement of women's suffrage. It seems that the brave efforts of America's nursing pioneers is bestappreciated and understood when viewed through time. Thus, the nursing experience hasemerged ever changing based on social and political pressures. In order for nurses to pass their vast wealth of information, it isimportant to understand which stories provide pertinent data and learn howto tell them in such a way as to get across the information required to belearned. As aresult, these women being shut out from the nursing profession often becamephysician's assistants. Although Florence Nightingale is often cited as being the first nurseto utilize diagrams for the presentation of statistical data, the best-known pioneer of such data usage was William Playfair. Today,statistical recording and interpretation are integral to nursing procedure. November 1999. Lasseter, Francie. Siefert, Patricia C. This art is so important that in 1999, industry leaders cametogether in a conference to consider the art of clinical storytelling fromexpert Patricia Benner, RN, PhD, FAAN. This woman organized the army nursing professionwithout pay while battling strong stereotypes against women. Some changes have been due to scientific advances that have revolutionized the way health care is provided, and others have been brought on by people attempting to improve delivery systems (Eckberg, 1998, 1). True today as it was then, both the external and internal systems in which the practice of nursing exists are complex, and it is important for nurses to understand and participate in the processes that affect their practice. Over and over, we have been told that change is, and always has been, with us; however, change is happening more rapidly now than at any other time in history. Hospitals becamesterile institutions of learning and treatment. While these women go back officially to the Revolutionary Warera, it wasn't until the appointment of Dorothea Dix during the Civil Warthat they were organized. The last and most influential movement to affect nursing was thewomen's movement of the 197 's. AORN Journal. Early nurses possessed courage, tenacity, and vision that resulted in an inspiring legacy for today's nurses to continue political efforts to advocate for their patients and their profession (Lasseter, 1999, 6). Yet, women who hadtrained with the army nurse corp and returned to the states were notallowed to enter the private nursing profession until after Vietnam. At the turn of the 2 th century, physicians were 95% male and nurseswere females who were under educated and underpaid. Another historical practice utilized as standard nursing proceduretoday is the use of storytelling to transmit knowledge to practice.According to an article by Patricia Siefert: Within the community of perioperative nurses, we often share anecdotal stories about our encounters, our challenges, and our triumphs. These women could only wear brown or black, no hoops and nojewelry. Nurses were exploitedin the name of learning and education during this time. The additional creation ofMedicare and Medicaid and the high reimbursements hospitals received fromhealth care companies created hospitals that were more for profitinstitutions than institutions involved with patient care for the sake ofthe patient. One way shedid this was to accept only women who were plain looking and over the ageof 3 . "Leading andarticulating expertise through stories". Dorothea Dix. While these may stand as legacies of the pros of our profession, thecons will stand out, too. "Are we repeating historyby using surgical assistants?" AORN Journal. Association of OperatingRoom Nurses, Inc. This was also whenthe Clinton's rose to high political office and rallied around the bannerof health care reform. September 1999.
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