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ROMANTIC POETS.
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Discusses elements of Romantic movement; Shelley & other poets.... More...
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Paper Abstract:
Discusses elements of Romantic movement; Shelley & other poets.

Paper Introduction:
"Ode to the West Wind" by Percy Bysshe Shelley is an example of a Romantic poem. One of the elements of the Romantic Movement in literature was the elevation of Nature as a subject not only for poetry but for study, for life, and as a source of philosophy. This element is seen in different forms in the works of different artists. Romantic poetry such as that by Wordsworth, for instance, takes a more realistic and naturalistic view of Nature than does the more other-worldly sense of Nature found in Coleridge. Each poet features Nature, creates images of the natural world, and makes a connection between human life and the world of nature. This point of view is partially a product of the Enlightenment and of a more human-centered conception of the universe. Shelley puts these ideas into "Ode to the West Wind," addressing Nature as a force in

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Here, personalexperience is elevated over any other sort of learning, as Shelly describesin his Defense of Poetry: Poetry is the record of the happiest and best moments of the happiest and best minds. . A Philosophical Enquiry into the Origin of Our Ideas of the Sublime and Beautiful. I bleed! The poetthroughout addresses the wind as a personification of Nature. Each poet features Nature, creates images of the natural world, and makesa connection between human life and the world of nature. Works CitedAbrams, M.H. "Shelley's Defense of Poetry." 2 . In "The Tables Turned," the same subject is pursued of an evening, and thepoet notes the great value of learning from nature over learning frombooks: Books! A Neo-Classical critic such as Edmund Burke addresses the issue ofsense experience and shows that he believes that all human beings haveessentially the same perceptions of external objects. This element is seen in differentforms in the works of different artists. The Romantic stands out as it does by contrast with the Neo-Classicalattitudes in poetry and criticism that existed just before the Romanticera. He begins by so addressing the wind: O wild West Wind; thou breath of Autumn's being,Thou, from whose unseen presence the leaves dead Aredriven, like ghosts from an enchanter fleeing. Differences intaste, then, do not derive from sense experience but in the ideas developedin the mind. Many ofthese attitudes are evident in "Ode to the West Wind," a poem in whichShelley describes what he sees, personifies Nature, does so in a way thatappears spontaneous, elevates Nature with a spiritual and religioussensibility, and that is shaped by the power of the poet's imagination.William Wordsworth states in his poems "Expostulation and Reply" and "TheTables Turned" that we can learn much of value from our interaction withNature. New York: W.W. Romanticism was marked by certain attitudes, among them thefollowing: 1) a growing interest in Nature and in the natural, primitive,and uncivilized manifestations of Nature; 2) a growing interest in scenery;3) an association of human moods with the "moods" of Nature, leading to asubjective feeling for it and interpretation of it; 4) an emphasis onnatural religion; 5) an emphasis on the need for spontaneity in thought andaction and in the expression of thought; 6) more importance given tonatural genius and the power of the imagination; 7) a tendency to exalt theindividual and his or her needs and an emphasis on the need for a freer andmore personal expression; and 8) the cult of the Noble Savage. This is a Romantic concept, and the Romantic poets turned tonature as their schoolroom and derived life's lessons from nature. Shelley seeks meaning in Nature as he calls on the wind to help himlearn: Oh, lift me as a wave, a leaf, a cloud!I fall upon the thorns of life! "Ode to the West Wind" by Percy Bysshe Shelley is an example of aRomantic poem. The Norton Anthology of English Literature: Volume I (Fifth Edition). Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame, 1958.Shelley, Percy Bysshe. Shelley puts these ideas into "Ode tothe West Wind," addressing Nature as a force in human life and as an entityto which he feels a direct and personal connection. . .He makes clear his attitude toward the wind as a force of Nature andsuggests its power in the last lines of the first section: Wild Spirit, which art moving everywhere;Destroyer and preserver; hear, oh, hear! http://www.vanderbilt.edu/cwp/CollabLearn3.htm. . In thefirst, Wordsworth is addressed by his friend Matthew, who asks why he sitson a stone and observes nature as if he were the first human being to doso. One of the elements of the Romantic Movement in literaturewas the elevation of Nature as a subject not only for poetry but for study,for life, and as a source of philosophy. This point ofview is partially a product of the Enlightenment and of a more human-centered conception of the universe. 'tis a dull and endless strife: Come, hear the woodland linnet (9-1 ).The poet also aggrandizes nature above both Science and Art and says againthat he can learn more from nature than from any other source. . These and corresponding conditions of being are experienced principally by those of the most delicate sensibility and the most enlarged imagination (Shelley). Romantic poetry such as that byWordsworth, for instance, takes a more realistic and naturalistic view ofNature than does the more other-worldly sense of Nature found in Coleridge. We are aware of evanescent visitations of thought and feeling sometimes associated with place or person, sometimes regarding our own mind alone, and always arising unforseen and departing unbidden; but elevating and delightful beyond all expression: so that even in the desire and the regret they leave there cannot but be pleasure, participating as it does in the nature of its object . In general arguments, there is something called truth andsomething called falsehood: For if there were not some principles of judgment as well as of sentiment common top all mankind, no hold could possibly be taken either on their reason or their passions, sufficient to maintain the ordinary correspondence of life (Burke 11).Shelley and other Romantics, on the other hand, place more emphasis onpersonal experience as unique and immediate. Wordsworth responds that his sense cannot but help to react to nature. Romanticismwas a movement marked by a shift in feeling, a shift in sensibility, aswell as a new concept of man's relation to the natural order and to Naturein particular. Dryden expressed theclassical spirit of the previous age in calling for a universal drama whichcan transcend the limitations of language placed on it in former times.Dryden writes in this regard in a way that shows a love of learning and abelief in its power to transcend the old rules: A thing well said will be wit in all languages; and though it may lose something in the translation, yet to him who reads it in the original, 'tis still the same; he has an idea of its excellency, though it cannot pass from his mind into any other expression or words than those in which he finds it (Dryden in Abrams 1843-1844).For the Romantics, learning was to be found in Nature, as in thecontemplation of the wind, its power, and its effects. Norton, 1986.Burke, Edmund.

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