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Examines the system of education in France. Focuses on structures & curricula in contemporary times.... More...
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Paper Abstract: Examines the system of education in France. Focuses on structures & curricula in contemporary times.
Paper Introduction:
The French System of Education
Introduction
The intention in the following pages is to look at the French system of education, from the preschool level through the universities. The focus is on understanding how the system currently operates and what factors are affecting its continuing evolution.
The Early Years
France actually has quite an extensive system of preschool education. It is not analogous to either daycare programs or Head Start programs in the United States. Instead, these are specific preschool education pro
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The Sorbonne's bad report card. (1995). The curriculum, while remaining strong, is not adequately backedup with strong faculty, facilities, and other resources. The "great schools," such as the Ecole Polytechnicor the Ecole Nationale d'Administration, require entrance exams foradmission. Head Startprogram, primarily because classes are larger and fewer extra services areprovided (Topolnicki and Sinanoglu, 1993).Secondary and Post-Secondary Education At the high school level, French education is similar to otherEuropean systems. The children do learn the fundamentals ofa standard French education, but they are not particularly well-equipped toadapt to a multicultural world or changing circumstances. AsKlebnikow (1995) noted, approximately 1 percent of students at this pointin time are foreign students, from countries that include Poland, SriLanka, Vietnam, Morocco, and others. These are the universities that the French elite attend.Kasznia (1997) noted that more than 9 percent of the highest Frenchofficials attend this type of school. At that point, the rigidity of the school system is likely tobecome a considerable disadvantage. If the population of foreign studentscontinues to increase, this is likely to put pressure on the school systemto become more flexible and to include more influences from outside ofFrance. Only about 4 percent of French students actually passthese exams. Lessons from other nations about parentalchoice. This is a set of exams on the material that students weretaught in school. What are condoms made of? While there are still very good schools, these are notaccessible to most of the students. (1993). However, it did not maintainthe quality of the schools or provide for sufficient financing to match therapid growth in attendance. Education Digest, 56(6), 17-22. In looking at the structure of the system, Klebnikow (1995) indicatedthat both American and French students spend approximately 1,1 hours peryear in class, but that the time is spent in different ways. On the other hand, that rigidity mightallow the French system to maintain its singleness of focus on thefundamentals of French culture. All universities are free to studentsand provide varying types of education. How to prime kids forschool. There are two different kinds ofuniversities, however. The Frenchfocus is almost exclusively on basic education coursework. It is more demanding than American education, with afocus on a dense curriculum, high standards, and rigid requirements. The French System of EducationIntroduction The intention in the following pages is to look at the French systemof education, from the preschool level through the universities. The end of secondary schooling for French students comes with thebaccalaureate. Klebnikow, P. Instead, these are specific preschool educationprograms designed for all children, not just for those who are at-risk ordisadvantaged. Forbes, 156(6), 3 2-3 5. The other kind of university actually admits all students who apply,according to date of application. Money, 22(6), 78-81. The current issue is discovering the best wayto use computers in education, rather than computerization itself. The focusis on understanding how the system currently operates and what factors areaffecting its continuing evolution.The Early Years France actually has quite an extensive system of preschool education.It is not analogous to either day-care programs or Head Start programs inthe United States. The government responded by making the university systemmore accessible to students of all classes. These reforms were driven by student protests and riots thatfocused on increasing accessibility and opening up the class structurewithin France. The gradingsystem is based on a scale from -2 , with 14 or 15 considered to besatisfactory achievements. Kasznia, P. (1997). Klebnikow (1995) noted that it seems to be the design of the schoolsystem, rather than funding levels that make the difference. The trade-offfor a basic education with rigid standards is narrowness of focus. This population is increasing, as ithas in the United States. World PressReview, 44(1), 45. (1991). As a consequence, the university system is in disarray. There is an extensive university system in France, including 14universities in Paris itself. and Sinanoglu, E. It is difficult to predict at this point.Problems in the School System Perhaps the major problems in the school system exist at the post-secondary level. Another factor impacting the school system is the growth of thepopulation of foreign students at the elementary and secondary levels. Yet, the U.S. At the same time, there are problems with this kind of rigid system.There is little room for diversity here, or changes within the system, orcreativity and free expression. Students mayhave access to a university education, but that education has beendevalued. Nonetheless, the program is much less expensive than the U.S. What is available is a two-tier education systemin which the elites will continue to be drawn from the few schools thathave entrance exams, and other students will enter the free universitiesand receive widely varying quality of education.Factors Affecting the School System One of the major factors affecting the school system is thedevelopment of computer technology and its application to education.France has a clearly designed policy regarding the use of computers ineducation, with established goals, a structure to implement goals, lists ofapproved equipment, and mandated funding for computerization in bothprivate and public schools. Macworld, 9(9), 237-24 . References Cassagne, J. (1992). Glenn, C.L. Thegovernment is committed to provide microcomputer equipment to all fundedschools (Cassagne, 1992). Topolnicki, D.M. On the other hand, those schools whichare open to most students are declining in quality. The universities might be lackingfunding and modern resources, but this does not seem to be the case atlower levels. The programs currently reach about 8 percent of preschool children inFrance. At the primary and secondary levels, however, French education remainsquite successful in providing students with a good basic education at alower cost than the American system. The university system has been severely impacted by the reforms of thelate 196 s. However, French culture has been notoriously ethno-centric, and thisdoes not seem to be changing much. There is nothing comparable in American society, althoughthere is the SAT andother standardized tests for college entrance. spends more than $6, per yearon average per students, while the French spend approximately $4,6 . The world view; special reports from ourcorrespondents in France and Japan. They are funded completely by the government and run byprofessional teachers who are recruited by the government for this purpose. Frenchstudents clearly outperformed American students in both math and reading,actually coming in second in reading level in a survey of European andNorth American education. This has led to conditions ofovercrowding and decreased standards in such universities as the Sorbonne.While democratization has led to increased enrollment in the universitysystem, the budget for higher education has notincreased commensurately.
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