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Origins & development through 1960. Expropriation of foreign companies, production, politics, economics, leadership, unions, pricing.

On March 18, 1938, Lazaro Cardenas, President of Mexico, proclaimed to his people that the government of Mexico had nationalized the holdings of most ... more

On March 18, 1938, Lazaro Cardenas, President of Mexico, proclaimed to his people that the government of Mexico had nationalized the holdings of most major foreign oil companies then operating in Mexico (Williams, 1979, p. 6). A week later, crowds paraded by torchlight through Mexico City to mark the occasion, which is still celebrated in Mexico. Mexican newspapers editorialized that ... for the first time since the fall of Tinochtitlan, the Aztec capital, in 1521, Mexico was in the hands of its people (Grayson, 1980, p. xv). The oil industry reacted swiftly and harshly. Oil companies withdrew their technical personnel from Mexico, crippling many of the operations of the industry. They attempted to establish an economic embargo against Mexico, seizing Mexican cargoes on the

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Need for, effects on democratic society, classified documents, national security, Cold War, technology, privacy, information access, presidential abuses, encryption.

The purpose of this research is to examine the issues concerning government security. The plan of the research will be to set forth the context in wh... more

The purpose of this research is to examine the issues concerning government security. The plan of the research will be to set forth the context in which the subject of governmentrelated security measures of various kinds has achieved importance, and then to discuss the variety of views, some of them controversial, surrounding such subsidiary topics as document control and destruction, security predicated of the government's view of one's so-called need to know, legal and ethical issues in regard to mailing and reproduction of documents, and such issues of access control as personnel identification, whether by badges or other means. There appears to be an inherent tension between the idea of democracy and the idea of government security in the modern period, for the boundaries between what democratic values a

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Analyzes positive & negative effects, ethics, bias of media coverage of Titanic, 1992 L.A. riot, 1996 ValuJet crash.

Introduction Americans turn to the media during natural disasters and severe weather as a source of information. Radio and television provide informa... more

Introduction Americans turn to the media during natural disasters and severe weather as a source of information. Radio and television provide information on where an earthquake occurred and how strong it was, whether a tornado watch or warning is in effect, and which direction hurricanes and tropical storms are headed. Few dispute the importance of media coverage in these instances, and the Emergency Broadcast System (EBS) evolved to take advantage of the ability of mass media to quickly inform thousands and even millions of individual about potential problems in their region. However, the media's coverage of disasters extends into the aftermath of the disaster, with information about the extent and cost of the damage, speculation about who (or what) was responsible for the event, and interviews with families who have been

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History of celebrity libel cases against tabloid, major lawyers & litigants, roots of libel law, increasing success of suits.

The National Enquirer has a remarkable track record for avoiding libel suits using a combination of First Amendment freedoms, aggressive lawyering, an... more

The National Enquirer has a remarkable track record for avoiding libel suits using a combination of First Amendment freedoms, aggressive lawyering, and patience. In recent years, however, the newspaper has been sued successfully by several celebrities over stories that were shown to be false. The National Enquirer's main office is a structure on South East Coast Avenue in Lantana, Florida that resembles a school building. However, the flamboyant newspaper has built its reputation on hyperbole rather than straight, scholarly fact. Generoso Pope, Jr., a former C.I.A. operative, is its founding owner. He purchased the paper, then known as the New York Enquirer, in 1952. He made it famous and successful by stressing the lurid and bizarre details of crime stories and by the use of lots of celebrity gossip. The paper publishes about

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Overview of nation's economics, politics, culture, education, globalization & taxation to discover pros & cons of multinational investment in hospitality industry.

Introduction Innovations in transportation and communications during the twentieth century have resulted in the ability of goods and services to move ... more

Introduction Innovations in transportation and communications during the twentieth century have resulted in the ability of goods and services to move among nations with greater ease than at any other time in history. International business is no longer the exclusive realm of the large multinational corporation; small businesses are creating marketing niches for themselves in particular product or service areas. Because of this greater interest in the global economy, companies which are seeking to build long-term strategic plans must consider whether or not international marketing is a critical part of those long-term plans. Thailand, with a burgeoning economy and a government committed to inviting foreign investment in that economy, represents one of the most attractive target countries for companies considering mult

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Examines evolution of law defining & affecting public figures in defamation suits. Examples, court decisions, voluntary vs. involuntary involvement, malice, impact on professionals in public.

The Public Figure Doctrine and Professionals This paper will examine the development of the public figure doctrine in defamation cases and discuss th... more

The Public Figure Doctrine and Professionals This paper will examine the development of the public figure doctrine in defamation cases and discuss the application of this doctrine to professionals, particularly attorneys and teachers. The first part of the paper will focus upon the historical development of the public figure doctrine, looking at the evolution of the doctrine in the U.S. Supreme Court. The second part of the paper will examine how lower courts have handled the doctrine, particularly in light of the vagueness of the Supreme Court's guidelines. The third part of the paper will discuss how the doctrine has been applied in cases involving professionals. This section will especially address the question of whether a professional is more likely than another person to be considered a public figure. The Hi

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Examines joint ventures since 1987, economic attraction, risks, politics, cultural factors, organizational & personal relations, selecting partners.

RUSSIAN-AMERICAN BUSINESS PARTNERSHIPS This research paper discusses the evolution of business partnerships between Russians and Americans as vehicle... more

RUSSIAN-AMERICAN BUSINESS PARTNERSHIPS This research paper discusses the evolution of business partnerships between Russians and Americans as vehicles for doing business in the Russian Federation, including their potential and problems. From a business standpoint, the terms business partnerships, joint ventures and strategic alliances can be used interchangeably but the term joint ventures is the term most commonly used in the Russian context because of its special legal meaning and is therefore used in this paper. Joint ventures have become the most common vehicle for carrying out American business investment in Russia since 1987. Enormous difficulties stand in the way of their becoming successful financially, but a few thousand hardy investors, American and Russian, have persevered in the face of truly awesome obstacles. Success or failure

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Examines historical, political & economic contexts, advantages & disadvantages of locating multinational company there.

BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT: ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES OF DOING BUSINESS IN AUSTRALIA Introduction This research reviews the advantages and disadvantages of... more

BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT: ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES OF DOING BUSINESS IN AUSTRALIA Introduction This research reviews the advantages and disadvantages of doing business in Australia for a multinational company. The findings of this research are presented in relations to (1) historical notes relevant to Australia, (2) the relevant demographics of Australia, (3) Australia’s political characteristics, (4) economic aspects of doing business in Australia, (5) Australia’s work environment, and (6) implications for multinational companies of the foregoing information. Historical Notes Although British settlement in Australia began in the lat

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Analysis of British spies who worked for Soviet intelligence in WWII & early Cold War era. Ideological views held by the spies. Undermining of British & American positions.

The story of the group of men who became known as the Cambridge Spies is one of the most extended and most extensive cases of Western nationals spying... more

The story of the group of men who became known as the Cambridge Spies is one of the most extended and most extensive cases of Western nationals spying on their own government in the twentieth century. The principal persons involved -- Guy Burgess (1910-63), Donald Maclean (1915-83), Anthony Blunt (1907-83), and "Kim" Philby (1912-88) -- worked on behalf of the Soviet Union throughout World War II and the early Cold War era. Their activities were only very gradually uncovered and the full story has been even more gradually revealed to the public. The opening of the KGB archives in Moscow after the fall of the Soviet Union seems to have brought the exposures to their conclusion -- but there is no saying whether further information might be revealed in years to come. Although a number of other persons were connected with this group's spying on Britain and, less directly,

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Considers the current position of the Zapatista movement in Mexico, including its successes and how it governs the areas where it has influence as well as how it tries to influence national and even international affairs.

The Zapatista Movement Today The Zapatista Army of National Liberation better known simply as theZapatistas or the EZLN came to international prominen... more

The Zapatista Movement Today The Zapatista Army of National Liberation better known simply as theZapatistas or the EZLN came to international prominence in when armedmembers declared war against the government of Mexico The event which lasted days followed years of guerilla attacks in the southernstate of Chiapas one of the poorest states in the country Although theZapatistas failed to ignite a full-fledged civil war with their action they did succeed in focusing some attention to the plight of indigenouspeoples in Mexico and