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A short story. Views of six critics.

"The Open Boat," a short story by Stephen Crane, was virtually ignored by critics when it was first published in 1898. Few commentators at the time c... more

"The Open Boat," a short story by Stephen Crane, was virtually ignored by critics when it was first published in 1898. Few commentators at the time considered it to be as important a work as Crane's 1895 novel The Red Badge of Courage. However, since that time, American critics have come to accept the literary value of "The Open Boat." The story is based directly upon Crane's experiences in 1896, when he served as a war correspondent covering the Cuban Revolution (Knapp 151). When a ship which he was on sank, Crane found himself with three other men in a small row boat on the open sea. "The Open Boat" relates the tale of Crane the war correspondent and his three fellow survivors - an injured captain, a cook, and an oiler. It is the story of their difficulties, both physical and psychological, as well as their courage and determination in their efforts to reach

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Examines issues of oil spills, private & govt. responses, polution, transportation problems, global oil suppliers & users, examples (Exxon Valdez, Torrey Canyon).

This is a study of the public environmental policy issues raised by the production or transportation (and inevitable spillage) of petroleum in America... more

This is a study of the public environmental policy issues raised by the production or transportation (and inevitable spillage) of petroleum in American waters: How that policy has been formed, why it has too often failed, and what can be done about it. On a clear, calm predawn morning on Good Friday of 1989, the supertanker Exxon Valdez got underway from the Alyeska oil pipeline terminal at Valdez, Alaska. Its immense tanks were filled to the top with crude petroleum oil pumped through the Alaska Pipeline from the arctic North Slope. In command on the bridge was the ship's third mate; the captain was below in his cabin, working on some of the immense amount of paperwork, the proper completion of which was the principal means, under normal conditions, by which the Exxon Corporation would judge his

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A general survey of witchcraft, past & present. A discussion of how witches practice their craft, what a real witch is like, types of witches.

This paper will provide a general survey of witchcraft, past and present. The paper will also discuss contemporary witches, and how they practice the... more

This paper will provide a general survey of witchcraft, past and present. The paper will also discuss contemporary witches, and how they practice their craft. Most experts agree that witchcraft represents "the old, pre-Christian, tribal religion of Europe" (Starhawk Truth or Dare 7). Although witchcraft is commonly associated with the use of magical spells and other anti-social behaviors, experts also agree that true witchcraft is actually nothing more than "a form of nature worship that has long been popular in alternative circles" (Lacher E1-E3). However, it is also acknowledged that there are two basic types of witches. According to the occult writer Marion Weinstein, witches may choose to follow either a negative or positive path in the practice of their craft. The negative path relates to the traditional stereotype of witches who use demons and magical

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Compares issues of faith and faithlessness in main characters of two plays.

This study will compare and contrast the issues of faith in Shakespeare's portrayal of Othello and Sophocles portrayal of Oedipus in Othello and Oedip... more

This study will compare and contrast the issues of faith in Shakespeare's portrayal of Othello and Sophocles portrayal of Oedipus in Othello and Oedipus Rex. The first obvious difference between the two tragic characters is that Oedipus is a deeply faithful man who sets out on an exploration to find his father's murderer, not knowing that the man is his father nor that he himself is the murderer. He believes that the gods are essentially on his side in this effort, that the truth will bring relief not only to himself but to his kingdom which is suffering from the plague, and that life is essentially good and just. Othello, on the other hand, is a man who has no faith whatsoever in his faithful wife Desdemona. It might be said that he has faith in Desdemona's accuser, Iago, but the fact behind

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Historical overview of American Volunteer Group which flew aerial operations over China in early WWII. Leadership, purpose, successes, controversies, pilots, dissolution.

This paper will provide an historical overview of the Flying Tigers. A Flying Tiger fighter plane could always be distinguished by the "razor-sharp s... more

This paper will provide an historical overview of the Flying Tigers. A Flying Tiger fighter plane could always be distinguished by the "razor-sharp shark teeth and sinister eyes painted on the nose" (Neely, 1991, p. 66). Formally known as the American Volunteer Group (AVG), the Flying Tigers flew in numerous aerial operations over China during the early period of the Second World War. The pilots of this group became legendary because of their success in fighting against the Japanese and also because of the many dramatic and colorful stories surrounding them. The pilots were volunteers from the U.S. armed services who were seeking excitement and adventure beyond their normal military duties. Because of the adventurous nature of these pilots, there were many discipline problems to be found among them. Their commanding officer, Claire Lee Chennault,

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Critiques book on effects on six Japanese of the dropping of atomic bomb on city & ongoing debate over bombing.

John Hersey's Hiroshima first appeared as a magazine article in The New Yorker. This was the first time the entire editorial content of that magazine... more

John Hersey's Hiroshima first appeared as a magazine article in The New Yorker. This was the first time the entire editorial content of that magazine had been devoted to a single article, showing how important the work was considered at the time (Toland 3). The book was published a few months later. It is an example of war reporting in depth, and it provided the public with the first full account of the dropping of the atomic bomb on Hiroshima, only a year or so after the event. In this book, Hersey focuses on six people who survived the bomb. Their stories and reactions to what they saw enable the writer to expand beyond the six to tell the story of the city as a whole and to place the reader on the spot when the bomb was dropped and in the aftermath of that event. The book is reportage, but it cannot help but depict the

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Compares methods of detective work of plays' protagonists in seeking killers of their fathers.

This study will compare the methods of the detective work of the protagonists in Shakespeare's Hamlet Sophocles' Oedipus Rex as they seek to discover ... more

This study will compare the methods of the detective work of the protagonists in Shakespeare's Hamlet Sophocles' Oedipus Rex as they seek to discover the killers of their fathers (although Oedipus does not know the murdered man was, in fact, his father). The study will focus on three points of comparison: the nature and causes of the delays in the detective work of Hamlet and Oedipus; the surreptitious and indirect nature of Hamlet's methods, compared to the public and direct approach of Oedipus; and the focus of Hamlet in the present compared to the focus of Oedipus in the past. All of these points of comparison and contrast are shaped by the fact that Hamlet is fully aware of the object of his detective work (his murderer uncle Claudius), while Oedipus does not know that the object of his search is Oedipus himself.

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Examines central role of past & present family relations in character development.

Willy Loman's tragedy in Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman is partly the result of his being out of place in a business world that has passed him by... more

Willy Loman's tragedy in Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman is partly the result of his being out of place in a business world that has passed him by, but it is mainly the result of the fact that he never had a secure place within his own family. Willy was abandoned by his father and unable to find an adequate replacement in his older brother Ben. The result was that he looked for love in the wider world and failed to do anything that would enable him to find love in his own wife and two sons. Willy believed that all he would need in terms of respect, admiration, and love could be found in the world of business where the men he admired had flourished. But, when events gradually prove to him that this has been an illusion, he turns back to his own family and discovers that he cannot find these things with them either. Willy Loman abandoned his own family--

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Definition, examples (Jerry Springer, Morton Downey), media theory (Foucault), sensationalism, criticism, public perceptions, tabloid shows, ratings, advertisers, impact on culture.

The purpose of this research is to examine the phenomenon of so-called trash TV. The plan of the research will be to define the term and set forth the... more

The purpose of this research is to examine the phenomenon of so-called trash TV. The plan of the research will be to define the term and set forth the historical background and context in which trash TV has become an issue, and then to discuss its impact on television programming as well as the implications of trash-TV programming for the content and praxis of journalism in particular and for the culture as a whole. Broadcast and cable television in the decade of the 1990s has been marked by a significant increase in the number of reality-based shows. Far from being confined to three-network broadcasts of fiction in the form of drama, comedy, and soap opera, and belonging to a different on-air exercise than game shows and variety shows (plus public television, independent stations, and one or two cable channels), today's television progr

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Examines how ethnicity, stereotyping, culture & discrimination shaped character & life of Japanese-American author.

This study will examine the concepts of ethnicity, stereotyping, culture and discrimination in the context of Monica Sone's autobiographical Nisei Dau... more

This study will examine the concepts of ethnicity, stereotyping, culture and discrimination in the context of Monica Sone's autobiographical Nisei Daughter. The study will focus on the roles these concepts played in the forming of the identity of the author as a second-generation Japanese-American living a relatively happy life with her family in Seattle, Washington, before World War II, and then undergoing increasing discrimination as a result of prejudices against Japanese-Americans as war approached and finally erupted between the United States and Japan. This study will argue that the book demonstrates how these concepts or forces should be seen as both negative and positive in terms of the shaping of Monica's character. One can condemn stereotyping and discrimination, for example, but, for better and