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Focuses on its ramifications. Discusses modern theories which refute Ricardo.

This paper will trace the history and development of the theory of rent as set forth by David Ricardo. The earliest school of economics was that of t... more

This paper will trace the history and development of the theory of rent as set forth by David Ricardo. The earliest school of economics was that of the physiocrats, an 18th century group who paved the way for Adam Smith and the economic theorists of the next hundred years. The essence of the physiocratic system lay in the concept of a God-ordained "natural order," in which every social fact had its place. A person's first obligation was to understand this order; the next was to conform to it. This order was the revelation of an inner principle, not the result of external observation. The physiocrats' respect for property and authority reflected their belief in the "natural order." Every undertaking involved a certain expense. Wealth was spent in the production of new wealth. This expense, subtracted

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(C-Major) Analyzes each movement. Includes exposition, development study, recapitulation. Detailed examination.

BEETHOVEN'S PIANO CONCERTO #1 (C MAJOR) First Movement Exposition (Bars 1-256). An orchestral unison in the strings announces the principal motive ... more

BEETHOVEN'S PIANO CONCERTO #1 (C MAJOR) First Movement Exposition (Bars 1-256). An orchestral unison in the strings announces the principal motive (not really a theme), figure 1, which is extended lyrically (ms. 9-16) to the full tutti repeat of the opening at measure 16. A progression to the subdominant at bar 24 leads to a developmental transition utilizing the scale figure from the opening and in secondary dominant on D (ms. 36-37) to cadence on G at bar 46. An unprepared shift to g minor eventually leads to the second theme in E-flat major at measure 49, using G and B-flat as common tones. This theme, figure 2, provides much of the developmental material used throughout the movement, especially

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Psychological study of impact of birth-position (first-born, "middle" children & youngest children) on personal & social development.

This paper discusses the significance of birthorder in personality development. Both folklore and modern psychological studies have indicated that a... more

This paper discusses the significance of birthorder in personality development. Both folklore and modern psychological studies have indicated that a child's position in the "family constellation" of siblings has a major impact on personality traits. Firstborn and lastborn children show particular traits related to their positions in the family, while "middle" children also share distinct characteristics. These patterns are further modified by gender and by the age separations between children. Apart from our parents, the individuals with the greatest impact on our early lives are our siblings: our brothers and sisters. While these siblings all have different and unique personalities, certain basic patterns have a major impact on the ways we relate to them, and they to us. In particular, the sex and birthorder of children shape the ways in which they relate

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Ethics, protests, benefits & drwabacks, scientfic views, toxicity testing, quality control, laws.

Using animals for laboratory research is not new: European researchers first began large scale animal experimentation in the nineteenth century. Tod... more

Using animals for laboratory research is not new: European researchers first began large scale animal experimentation in the nineteenth century. Today, the use of animals in experiments is so widespread and so uncontrolled that no one is certain of the exact number of animals being used. Estimates range from between 30 million animals per year to 100 million (Stevens 39). What is known for certain is that animals are suffering a great deal of pain and premature death during the experiments. Sometimes, the tests themselves are suspect, meaning that animals are being sacrificed for no apparent reason. Companies have arisen specifically for the purpose of providing animals for research purposes, bringing with them questionable business practices and leaving behind the welfare of the animals in question. This paper focuses on the issue of using animals in experimentation,

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Examines works on medical ethics. Surgical errors & failure, use of synthetic hormone DES.

Medical professionals each day must make life-and-death choices about patient care, best estimates regarding diagnosis, difficult decisions about new ... more

Medical professionals each day must make life-and-death choices about patient care, best estimates regarding diagnosis, difficult decisions about new treatments, and a wide variety of other decisions regarding the welfare of patients. Often, these decisions are to be made under conditions of stress, with little time available for considering the options. In other cases, decisions are made based on the best available data, and this data may be flawed, with errors that may not be revealed for years. In such an atmosphere, ethical dilemmas are bound to be a constant issue. Charles L. Bosk in Forgive and Remember: Managing Medical Failure (1979) and Roberta J. Apfel and Susan M. Fisher in To Do No Harm: DES and the Dilemmas of Modern Medicine (1984) examine different aspects of the ethical dilemmas facing the medical establishment today and consider the responsibility

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How Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Huey Long, Adolf Hitler & Father Charles Coughlin used the medium to advance their ideas & causes.

Radio, still a new medium in the 1930s, became a powerful tool used by politicians. Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Huey Long, Hitler, and Father Coughlin... more

Radio, still a new medium in the 1930s, became a powerful tool used by politicians. Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Huey Long, Hitler, and Father Coughlin, four of the most influential leaders of their time, grasped its capacity to reach large numbers of people. This research will focus on how these men used radio to advance their causes. Huey Long, in his early political career had much to learn about public speaking. He had a tendency to gesticulate too much, distracting his hearers by slicing the air with his arms. He had a good voice, but when he became excited, he raised it too high, so that it sounded shrill. Some of his platform habits that offended urban audiences captivated his country hearers. He paced up and down the stage, and as he talked he would rumple his hair, take off his coat and tie, and loosen his collar and shirt.

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Analyzes novels' naturalistic elements, focusing on role of environmental determinism in characters' lives.

In literary terms, the period at the end of the nineteenth and beginning of the twentieth centuries was marked by a growing sense of realism. The beg... more

In literary terms, the period at the end of the nineteenth and beginning of the twentieth centuries was marked by a growing sense of realism. The beginnings of Naturalism as a literary movement came in the 1890s and extended realism with a new emphasis. The realists had insisted on detailing the world in a realistic fashion and to do so by creating reality: "Art's task was not to record but to make life; reality was a constructed, not a recorded, thing" (Bradbury 8). Naturalism took a different view in its origins, and now the task of the novelist was to undertake a scientific study by recording facts, living conditions, and behavior: Naturalism was thus realism scientized, systematized, taken finally beyond realist principles of fidelity to common experience or of humanistic exploring of

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Reviews work on 18th Cent. Scottish rebellion against British Crown.

In his book Culloden, historian John Prebble writes the story of a key event in Scottish history when a force under the leadership of the Duke of Cumb... more

In his book Culloden, historian John Prebble writes the story of a key event in Scottish history when a force under the leadership of the Duke of Cumberland entered Scotland and marched on Culloden Moor, where Prince Charles, also known as Bonnie Prince Charlie, fought back with a poorly armed force of 7,000. The British were better armed and better trained, and they repelled the would-be invader and the Scottish army he had gathered to assist him. Charles at the time was in retreat, and once his army was crushed, he was in full flight. He would remain a thorn in the side of the British Crown during his exile, but the Stuart cause ceased to be a real problem with the defeat of Charles by the Hanoverian rule of George II. The Jacobites wanted to return the Stuarts to power, and this was perhaps their boldest and last real attempt to overthrow Hanoverian rule and

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Examines origins & development in 17th & 18th centuries. Individual vs state. Theories of Hobbes, Rousseau, Locke, Voltaire, Marcuse, H.G. Wells & others.

This research examines the origins and development of liberalism between the late 17th century and the revolutions of 1848 in Europe. The research wil... more

This research examines the origins and development of liberalism between the late 17th century and the revolutions of 1848 in Europe. The research will set forth the philosophical, political, and cultural context in which the discourse of liberalism emerged and discuss the manner in which it evolved as an idea and as the basis for real-world political application over the course of nearly 200 years, until 1848. The challenge of defining classical liberalism as a concept is far more challenging than citing the writers with whom it is associated, such as John Locke or Adam Smith. As Ryan notes, the content of liberal theory is "not necessarily" democratic, since majority rule can be tyrannical, and it is "not always" progressive, since liberal theory offers no guarantee of beneficial human experience. Nevertheless, continues Ryan:

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Argues that "three strikes and you're out" mandatory sentence laws do not reduce the crime rate. Reasons for the three strikes legislation. How it works. Lackof evidence to show it reduces the crime rate.

Three Strikes and You're Out A Bad Crime Policy Three Strikes and You're Out crime laws which are now in effect inalmost states in the U S are essenti... more

Three Strikes and You're Out A Bad Crime Policy Three Strikes and You're Out crime laws which are now in effect inalmost states in the U S are essentially laws that mandate that anindividual who commits three of a certain group of felonies receives amandatory prison sentence ranging from years to life Mauer Walker's Proposition states succinctly that three strikes and you'reout laws are a terrible crime policy In this essay arguments supportingWalker's Proposition will be advanced Mandatory sentencing laws have become