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SCIENTIST GILBERT NEWTON LEWIS.

His contributions to the field of chemistry. His original work in thermodynamics and valence theory. His academic background and career as a faculty member at MIT and U.C. Berkeley. His scientific research and theories of electrons bonding in pairs and the role of isotopes in chemistry and physics.

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Scientist Gilbert Newton Lewis' reputation lies in his extensive contributions to the field of chemistry. Lewis was born in Weymouth, Massachusetts on October 23, 1875. He was schooled at home by his parents in his early years, and at age 14, entered the University of Nebraska. After three years there, he transferred to Harvard College. After receiving his baccalaureate degree at Harvard, he taught for a year at Phillips Andover Academy before returning to Harvard to study for his doctorate (Harris, 1999). Lewis earned his Ph.D. at the age of 24 under the supervision of T. W. Richards, who trained him in experimental techniques and careful measurements. His thesis topic was on the thermodynamics of zinc and cadmium amalgams, at a time when physical chemistry was just beginning to be recognized as a branch of science. (Harris, 1999). Richards had spark

His contributions to thermodynamics and bondingtheory, suggesting that electrons bond in pairs long before there wasquantum mechanical proof of such an idea, and his organizational andleadership talents, helped transform Berkeley Chemistry Department from anonentity into one of the finest to be found anywhere. Reviewed by H. Noyes, moved more into administrative work. Richards believed that fact was moreimportant than theory, and this influenced Lewis' approach to research forthe rest of his career. AtBerkeley, he initiated the expansion of great science to the West coast ofAmerica (Harris, 1999). In 19 4, Lewis spent a year in thePhilippines as Superintendent of the Bureau of Weights and Measures. He stressed that the emphasis must be on fundamentalprinciples rather than their technical applications. Harris. He produced tables for these, which are still being used today. Scientist Gilbert Newton Lewis' reputation lies in his extensivecontributions to the field of chemistry. Others trained under Lewis went on to chair departments anddivisions. He was the first to describe the sharing of paired electronsbetween atoms, known as the covalent bond. Lewis took overmore and more of the supervision of scientific work in the laboratory ashis supervisor, A. 1487. A. For graduate students, Lewis kept an open policy and everyone helpedeveryone else (Woodrow Wilson Leadership, 2 2). Lewis was born in Weymouth,Massachusetts on October 23, 1875. Following his doctoral studies, Lewis went to Europe to study in thelaboratories of Ostwald in Leipzig and Nernst in Gottingen in 19 -19 1(Woodrow Wilson Leadership, 2 2). Lewis also published 26 paperson heavy hydrogen and heavy water, lithium isotopes, and neutron physics.He predicted the existence of heavy water before he isolated it. Richards, who trained him in experimentaltechniques and careful measurements. Chem.Educ., 76, p. Lewis believed that a science department should teach as well as doresearch, and he focused on the better students in chemistry, preferring towork with exceptional students rather than the average ones (Woodrow WilsonLeadership, 2 2). Lewis built a strongchemistry department at Berkeley that produced a large number of chemists,some of whom became Nobel Laureates and members of the National Academy ofScience. Lewis earned his Ph.D. A biography of distinguished scientist GilbertNewton Lewis (by Edward S. He had graduatestudents teach the lower level courses. Thiswas followed by a faculty position at MIT in 19 5, where Lewis beganworking on thermodynamics and free energies for elements. Afterreceiving his baccalaureate degree at Harvard, he taught for a year atPhillips Andover Academy before returning to Harvard to study for hisdoctorate (Harris, 1999). Lewis eventually left Harvard over conflicts withRichards about bonding in atomic and molecular structure. Lewis). Richards had sparked Lewis' interest in thermodynamics(Woodrow Wilson Leadership, 2 2). H. Many of the problem sets used inteaching chemistry today are derived from Lewis' innovative study sheets. Lewis developed acourse that gave a superior understanding of chemistry's fundamentals, andhis students were encouraged to think for themselves. References Harris, H. at the age of 24 underthe supervision of T. Woodrow Wilson Leadership Program in Chemistry. Later on hecontributed to the understanding of the role of isotopes in chemistry andphysics. (2 2). His thesis topic was on thethermodynamics of zinc and cadmium amalgams, at a time when physicalchemistry was just beginning to be recognized as a branch of science.(Harris, 1999). At MIT, Lewis studied standard electrode potentials, conductivity,free energy, and other constants for elements (Woodrow Wilson Leadership,2 2). Upper division honorstudents were required to do research, but were given the freedom to choosethe professors they wanted for research advisors. H. He was schooled at home by his parentsin his early years, and at age 14, entered the University of Nebraska.After three years there, he transferred to Harvard College. W. Lewis remained at MIT until 1912, when he was appointed Chairman ofthe Department of Chemistry and Dean of the College of Chemistry at UCBerkeley, and he remained at Berkeley until his sudden death in hislaboratory in March of 1946 (Woodrow Wilson Leadership, 2 2). GilbertNewton Lewis: American chemist (1875-1946).http://www.woodrow.org/teachers/ci/1992/Lewis.html Hecontributed greatly to the development of physical chemistry as a sciencebecause of his ability to organize and apply the laws of thermodynamics.Most of Lewis' research at Berkeley focused on thermodynamics and itsrelationship with chemical equilibrium, electron-pair bonding theory ofatoms and molecules, the deuterium isotope, and interactions of light andmatter. (1999). AlthoughLewis never received the Nobel Prize, many believe he deserved it for hiswork in thermodynamics and valence theory. J.

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